However, carbon structure changes considerably when carbons are subjected to high pressure and heat. It transforms from something soft into something extremely hard. Carbon atoms compress and form a highly concentrated crystallized structure that gives the diamond exceptional hardness and valuable properties. The crystallized form of carbon created from extreme pressure and heat leads to the creation of diamonds. Diamonds are incredibly hard because they have crystallized in a particular atomic shape that resulted from heat and pressure on earth at a depth of to kilometers.
Diamond is hard due to its giant covalent lattice and it has many strong covalent bonds. Diamonds are the hardest substance on earth. In fact, the word diamond comes from a Greek word that means unbreakable. But, though they are hard, are diamonds unbreakable? Technically, the answer is no. In diamond, each carbon atom forms 4 covalent bonds in a tetrahedral structure. The sheets of carbon become bonded by weaker intermolecular forces. It is because of these weak intermolecular forces that the layersof graphite can slide over eachother, making the overall substance a lot weaker than diamond.
Both diamond and graphite have a giant molecular structure. The most popular shape for the gem cutter is the octahedron. For industrial use, the dodecahedron and other more rounded crystals are generally preferred, although octahedrons are still regarded as more suitable for use as truing diamonds for shaping grinding wheels and for setting in the tips of rock drills. It is therefore crushed to powder for grinding and polishing purposes. Boart has its own numerous classifications, one of the most interesting of which is ballas or shot boart.
This is found in the shape of a ball and with no crystalline faces or edges and no lines of cleavage, it is virtually indestructible. The Brazilian name for boart is carbonado. It would be a mistake, however, to think that bort or carbonado is dull and uninteresting. There was a case in of what was apparently a carat piece of boart being found to contain a small red diamond of exceptional quality at its heart.
It eventually produced a 5. On rare occasions boart exists in a form that enables it to be cut to create a truly unique gem. The best-known black diamond is the celebrated Black Orlov, a But a better and much more recent example is the beautiful stone known as the Amsterdam.
While the Orloff is more of dark gun-metal color and partly translucent, the Amsterdam is totally black and impervious to light. The stone arrived at the offices of D. Drukker and Sons in Amsterdam in in a parcel of mine boart destined to be crushed into diamond powder or to be broken up into smaller pieces for other industrial purposes.
At the time the Drukkers tried to cleave the stone and immediately became aware both of its exceptional hardness and of the fact that the splinters were not in the least transparent, but of the deepest black. They decided to proceed with cutting and polishing the stone.
The result is the pear-shaped facet black diamond weighing Both the Amsterdam and Black Orlov dramatically underline the fact that the diamond is unique in all many forms. All affiliate relationships have been established after researching and conducting the reviews.
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